Explored the relationship between neuronal activity and psychophysical (PS) judgment by comparing PS and physiological thresholds for 60 MT neurons in the extrastriate visual cortex region of 2 rhesus monkeys during PS task performance. Results of a 2-alternative forced-choice procedure used to measure thresholds indicate that (1) the directional preferences of the 60 neurons were roughly uniformly distributed and (2) there was no reliable association between a neuron's direction or speed preference and its threshold relative to the perceptual threshold. A reasonable account of the monkey's performance can be constructed, using a simple decision rule, from signals carried by small numbers of neurons whose selectivities are well matched to the demands of the perceptual task. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)