Outline: Optics and the Eye

Light

As a wave: frequency, wavelength, speed
As a particle: quanta/photons
Units

Radiometric, e.g. watts, watts/m², etc.
Photometric, e.g. lumens, candelas/m², etc.

Optics

Reflection

Mirror/Specular
Matte

Refraction

Index of refraction
Lenses, ray diagrams, focal length

Dispersion

Prism
Blue bends the most
Later: Chromatic aberration

Diffraction

E.g., by the pupil

Eye structure

Cornea
Lens, muscles of accommodation
Aqueous & vitreous humors
Iris and pupil, muscles for dilation
Retina
Optic disk/blind spot
Vasculature and why you don't see it
Fovea
Optic nerve
Muscle pairs and possible eye movements

Accommodation

Emmetrope
Myopia
Hypermetropia
Presbyopia and accommodative range
Astigmatism, blur circles/ellipses
Correction of optical errors
Cataracts, aphakia

Pupil control

2 - 8 mm diameter, hence factor of 16 in area
Light gathering versus depth of field
Depth of field versus diffraction
Pupils are controlled jointly
Affected by light level, emotion, etc.

Eye movements

Listing's law (why have cyclotorsion)
Tremor
Nystagmus (including optokinetic)
Vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR)
Smooth pursuit
Saccades
Disjunctive eye movements (convergence/divergence), diplopia