G80/89.2202, Sensory & Motor Systems, Sp 2012

COURSE SYLLABUS

G80/89.2202
Sensory and Motor Systems
Spring 2012

Tuesdays & Thursdays
10:00 am - 11:50
Downtown: Meyer Hall (6 Washington Place), room 815
Uptown: Coles 109

Last updated: March 29, 2012

Text book

Squire LR, Berg D, Bloom FE, du Lac S, Ghosh A, Spitzer NC (2008). Fundamental Neuroscience (third edition). San Diego: Academic Press.

Readings

The readings are available online by following the links provided below. Some of the readings are labelled as being "secondary readings". We strongly encourage you to read all of the papers but for some topics, there are quite a few papers assigned. Unfortunately, there is no single review paper that covers all of the relevant material. At the same time, we do not expect you to read every word of it. Because of the overwhelming amount of scientific literature in every sub-area of neuroscience, you need to develop a skill for rapidly scanning the literature to get the basics, and then be able to go back as needed to get the details. For those topics that have a long reading list, you should look through each of the "secondary readings" to see what's there, read the abstract & intro, look at the figures and figure captions. This is the same as what you should do when exploring the literature in your area of research. Then, based on your interests and what you feel you need to know, you can pick and choose which of these "secondary readings" to read in more detail.

To download the lecture slides and the readings, you will need to type a username and a password because of copyright protection, which will be given to you in class. Or contact david.heeger@nyu.edu or Eric.Lang@nyumc.org and we will provide it for you.

Conferences

There are 5 conferences throughout the semester on Friday mornings. These are like journal-club discussion sessions. Two (or 3) papers will be assigned for each conference. One student in each group will be responsible for leading the discussion for each paper. Students are not expected to prepare a lecture, but must be prepared to lead a discussion of the paper by providing an introduction to the topic of the paper, details of the hypotheses tested, methods used, and results found. The presenting students will likely need to present additional information to place the paper in the context of the field, and this may require the presenters to read additional papers. The presenters should contact the faculty in charge of that conference well in advance of the conference to discuss their presentation and get suggestions for additional papers to aid their preparation for leading the conference. The faculty members leading each conference are listed below. Note that the students should take the initiative in contacting the faculty member in charge of their conference, but if a problem arises contact david.heeger@nyu.edu or Eric.Lang@nyumc.org.

Attendance is required. All students are required to read all the papers and contribute to the discussion. Lack of attendance or lack of preparation (more than once) will result in no credit for the course. To aid preparation, prepare answers to the following questions for each of the two papers, for each conference. Print your answers. You are required hand them in at the end of each conference.

What is the main hypothesis?
What methods were used, how were they utilized, and in what way are they appropriate for addressing the hypothesis?
What is the main conclusion? Are you convinced that the conclusion is justified based on the results? Why or why not?
What do you see as the most important next step?

Because the class is so large this year, we have split you into two sections/groups for the conferences: group A and group B. If your name is not on this list then you are not registered for the course. Contact david.heeger@nyu.edu and I will add you to one of the two groups.

The conference assignments are listed below. Contact david.heeger@nyu.edu if you have not been assigned to present at one of the conferences. You can switch conferences if you can find a person in their group willing swap with them. If you so so, please contact david.heeger@nyu.edu so that I can update the list. There are three students presenting (and thus there will be three papers assigned) for the final conference in the course. Registration is not yet finalized for the course, and if there are changes in student registration we will have to make changes in the conference assignments.

Grading

There will be 2 take-home midterms and a take-home final, each counting for one-third of the final grade. The format of the exam questions will be short essays. Two midterms (instead of one) has the feature of providing some feedback relatively early in the semester. Participation in the conferences is also required (as noted above) to receive credit for the course.

Midterm 1

Schedule

Jan 24

downtown

Retina (Shapley)

Text: Squire Ch 22 & 27

Primary readings:

Westheimer G (2007). The ON-OFF dichotomy in visual processing: from receptors to perception. Progress in Retinal and Eye Research 26:636-648.
Nassi JJ, Callaway EM (2009). Parallel processing strategies of the primate visual system. Nature reviews Neuroscience 10:360-372.
Wu SM (2010). Synaptic organization of the vertebrate retina: general principles and species-specific variations: the Friedenwald lecture. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 51:1263-1274.

Secondary readings:

Shapley R, Perry VH (1986). Cat and monkey retinal ganglion cells and their visual functional roles. Trends in Neurosciences 9:229-235.
Crook JD, Peterson BB, Packer OS, Robinson FR, Troy JB, Dacey DM (2008). Y-cell receptive field and collicular projection of parasol ganglion cells in macaque monkey retina. The Journal of neuroscience 28:11277-11291.

Lecture slides (2012)

Lecture slides (Bloomfield, 2009)
Audio recording (Bloomfield, 2009)

Jan 26

downtown

Functional architecture of the LGN & V1 cortex (Shapley)

Text: Squire Ch 27

Primary readings:

Lund JS, Angelucci A, Bressloff PC (2003). Anatomical substrates for functional columns in macaque monkey primary visual cortex. Cereb Cortex 13:15-24.
Sincich LC, Horton JC (2005). The circuitry of V1 and V2: integration of color, form, and motion. Ann Rev Neurosci 28:303-326.

Secondary readings:

Chatterjee S, Callaway EM (2003). Parallel colour-opponent pathways to primary visual cortex. Nature 426:668-671.
Johnson EN, Hawken MJ, Shapley R (2008). The orientation selectivity of color-responsive neurons in macaque V1. The Journal of neuroscience 28:8096-8106.
Economides JR, Sincich LC, Adams DL, Horton JC (2011). Orientation tuning of cytochrome oxidase patches in macaque primary visual cortex. Nature neuroscience 14:1574-1580.

Lecture slides (2012)

Lecture slides (2009)
Audio recording (2009)

Jan 27

Conferences

Group A: Shapley (9:30-11:30, Meyer 815)
Caruso & Van Dijk

Group B: Bloomfield (9-11, Coles 213)
D'amour & Okobi

Readings:

Shapley R and Perry VH (1986). Cat and monkey retinal ganglion cells and their visual functional roles. Trends in Neurosciences 9:229-235.
Crook JD, Peterson BB, Packer OS, Robinson FR, Troy JB, Dacey DM (2008). Y-cell receptive field and collicular projection of parasol ganglion cells in macaque monkey retina. J Neurosci. 28(44):11277-91.

Jan 31

downtown

The receptive field hypothesis in V1 cortex: successes and failures (Shapley)

Text: Squire Ch 27

Primary readings:

Shapley R (2009). Linear and nonlinear systems analysis of the visual system: Why does it seem so linear? A review dedicated to the memory of Henk Spekreijse. Vision Res 49:907-21.
Yeh CI, Xing D, Williams PE, Shapley RM (2009). Stimulus ensemble and cortical layer determine V1 spatial receptive fields. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106:14652-7.

Secondary readings:

Zhu W, Xing D, Shelley M, Shapley R (2010). Correlation between spatial frequency and orientation selectivity in V1 cortex: Implications of a network model. Vision Res 50:2261-2273.

Lecture slides (2012)

Lecture slides (2009)
Audio recording (2009)

Feb 2

downtown

V1 theory & computation (Heeger)

Text: Squire Ch 27

Primary readings:

Adelson EA, Bergen JR (1985). Spatiotemporal energy models for the perception of motion. Journal of the Optical Society of America A 2:284-299.
Carandini M, Heeger DJ (2011). Normalization as a canonical neural computation. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 13:51-62.

Secondary readings:

Olsen SR, Bhandawat V, Wilson RI (2010). Divisive normalization in olfactory population codes. Neuron 66:287-299.

Lecture slides (2012)

Lecture slides (2009)
Audio recording (2009)

Feb 3

Conferences

Group A: Sanes (10-noon, Meyer 261)
Kam & Selert

Group B: Poeppel (10-noon, Meyer 207)
Cutrone & Wamsley

Readings:

Shannon RV, Zeng FG, Kamath V, Wygonski J, Ekelid M (1995). Science 13:303-4.
Sarampalis A, Kalluri S, Edwards B, Hafter E (2009). J Speech Lang Hear Res 52:1230-40.

Feb 7

downtown

Development of visual cortex (Kiorpes)

Text: Squire Ch 22

Primary readings:

Kiorpes L, Movshon JA (2004). Neural limitations on visual development in primates. In The Visual Neurosciences, Chalupa & Werner (eds), MIT Press (Cambridge, MA), Ch 12.
Stavros KA, Kiorpes L (2008). Behavioral measurement of temporal contrast sensitivity development in macaque monkeys. Vision Res 48:1335-1344.

Secondary readings:

Kiorpes L & Movshon JA (1990). Behavioral analysis of visual development. In The Development of Sensory Systems in Mammals, Coleman JR (ed.), New York: Wiley.

Lecture slides (2012)

Lecture slides (2009)
Audio recording (2009)

Feb 9

downtown

Extrastriate visual cortex: ventral pathway (Movshon)

Text: Squire Chs 27, 46 & 48

Primary readings:

Orban GA (2008). Higher order visual processing in macaque extrastriate cortex. Phyisiol Rev 88:59-89.

Secondary readings:

DiCarlo JJ, Cox DD (2007). Untangling invariant object recognition. Trends Cogn Sci 11:333-341.
Rust NC, DiCarlo JJ (2010). Selectivity and tolerance ("invariance") both increase as visual information propagates from cortical area V4 to IT. J Neurosci 30:12978-12995.
Connor CE, Brincat SL, Pasupathy A (2007). Transformation of shape information in the ventral pathway. Curr Opin Neurobiol 17:140-147.

Lecture slides (2012)

Lecture slides (2009)
Audio recording (2009)

Feb 14

downtown

Extrastriate visual cortex: dorsal pathway (Movshon)

Text: Squire Chs 27, 46 & 48

Primary readings:

Orban GA (2008). Higher order visual processing in macaque extrastriate cortex. Phyisiol Rev 88:59-89.

Secondary readings:

Goodale, MA (2010). Transforming vision into action. Vis Res, in press.

Lecture slides (2012)

Lecture slides (2009)
Audio recording (2009)

Feb 16

downtown

Perceptual decision making (Movshon)

Primary readings:

Gold JI, Shadlen MN (2007). The neural basis of decision making, Ann Rev Neurosci 30:535-574.

Secondary readings:

Shadlen et al. (1996). A computational analysis of the relationship between neuronal and behavioral responses to visual motion. J Neurosci 16:1486-1510.
Nienborg H, Cumming B (2010). Correlations between the activity of sensory neurons and behavior: how much do they tell us about a neuron's causality? Curr Opin Neurobiol 20:376-381.
Chowdhury SA, DeAngelis GC (2008). Fine discrimination training alters the causal contribution of macaque area MT to depth perception. Neuron 60:367-377.

Lecture slides (2012)

Lecture slides (2009)

Audio recording (2009)

Feb 21

downtown

Visual cortex, fMRI, & psychophysics (Heeger)

Text: Squire Chs 27, 46 & 48

Primary readings:

Wandell BA, Dumoulin SO, Brewer AA (2007). Visual field maps in human cortex. Neuron 56:366-383.
Blake R, Logothetis N (2002). Visual competition. Nat Rev Neurosci 3:13-21.

Secondary readings:

Lee SL, Blake R, Heeger DJ (2007). Hierarchy of cortical responses underlying binocular rivalry. Nat Neurosci 10:1048-1054.
Lee SL, Blake R, Heeger DJ (2005). Traveling waves of activity in primary visual cortex during binocular rivalry. Nat Neurosci 8:22-23.

Lecture slides (2011)

Feb 23

downtown

Audition: periphery (Semple)

Text: Squire Chs 23 & 26

Primary readings:

Van Wanrooij MM, Van Opstal AJ (2005). Relearning sound localization with a new ear. J Neurosci 25:5413-5424.
Nobili R, Mammano F, Ashmore J (1998). How well do we understand the cochlea? Trends Neurosci, 21:159-167.

Secondary readings:

King AJ, Dahmen JC, Keating P, Leach ND, Nodal FR, Bajo VM (2011). Neural circuits underlying adaptation and learning in the perception of auditory space. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 35:2129-2139.
Ashmore J (2008). Cochlear outer hair cell motility. Physiol Rev 88:173-210.
Kemp DT (2002). Otoacoustic emissions, their origin in cochlear function, and use. Br Med Bull 63:223-241.

Lecture slides (2012)

Lecture slides (2009)
Audio recording (2009)

Feb 24

Conferences

Group A: Movshon (10-noon, Meyer 261)
Khaw & Kosche

Group B: Heeger (10-noon, Meyer 815)
Berger & Lee

Readings

Nauhaus I, Benucci A, Carandini M, Ringach, DL (2008). Neuronal selectivity and local map structure in visual cortex. Neuron 13:673-679.
Rust NC, DiCarlo JJ (2010). Selectivity and tolerance ("invariance") both increase as visual information propagates from cortical area V4 to IT. J Neurosci 30:12978-12995.

Feb 28

downtown

Audition: central I (Semple)

Text: Squire Ch 26

Primary readings:

Rose JE, Hind JE, Anderson DJ, Brugge JF (1971). Some effects of stimulus intensity on response of auditory nerve fibers in the squirrel monkey. J Neurophysiol 34:685-699.
Brand A, Behrend A, Marquardt T, McAlpine D, Grothe B (2002). Precise inhibition is essential for microsecond interaural time difference coding. Nature, 417:543-547.

Secondary readings:

Joris, PX (2006). A dogged pursuit of coincidence. J Neurophysiol 96:969-972.
McAlpine D, Grothe B (2003). Sound localization and delay lines - do mammals fit the model? Trends Neurosci, 26:347-350.

Lecture slides (2012)

Lecture slides (2009)
Audio recording (2009)

Midterm I exam due (covering Shapley, Kiorpes, Heeger, Movshon)

Mar 1

downtown

Audition: central II (Semple)

Primary readings:

Micheyl C, Carlyon RP, Gutschalk A, Melcher JR, Oxenham AJ, Rauschecker JP, Tian B, Courtenay Wilson E (2007). The role of auditory cortex in the formation of auditory streams. Hear Res 229:116-131.
Shamma SA, Elhilali M, Micheyl C (2011). Temporal coherence and attention in auditory scene analysis. Trends Neurosci 34:114-123.

Secondary readings:

Rauschecker JP, Scott SK (2009). Maps and streams in the auditory cortex: nonhuman primates illuminate human speech processing. Nat Neurosci 12:718-724.
King AJ, Nelken I (2009). Unraveling the principles of auditory cortical processing: can we learn from the visual system? Nat Neurosci 12:698-701.
Carlyon RP (2004). How the brain separates sounds. Trends Cogn Sci, 8:465-471.

Lecture slides (2012)

Lecture slides (2009)
Audio recording (2009)

Mar 6

downtown

Theories of encoding of sensory information (Simoncelli)

Readings:

Barlow (1961). Possible principles underlying the transformation of sensory messages. in Sensory Communication (WA Rossenblith, ed), MIT Press.
Olshausen BA, Field DJ (1996). Emergence of simple-cell receptive field properties by learning a sparse code for natural images. Nature 381:607-609.
Schwartz O, Simoncelli EP (2001). Natural signal statistics and sensory gain control. Nat Neurosci 4:819-825.

Lecture slides (2012)
Lecture slides (2009)
Audio recording (2009)

Mar 8

downtown

Theories of decoding of sensory information (Simoncelli)

Readings:

Adelson EH, Movshon JA (1982). Phenomenal coherence of moving visual patterns. Nature, 300:523-525.
Weiss Y, Simoncelli EP, Adelson EH (2002). Motion illusions as optimal percepts. Nature Neuroscience, 5:598-2002.

Lecture slides (2012)
Lecture slides (2009)
Audio recording (2009)

Mar 13

No class: spring break

Mar 15

No class: spring break

Mar 20

uptown

Chemical senses: periphery (Suh)

Text: Squire Chs 23 & 24

Primary readings:

Axel R (2004). Scents and sensibility: A molecular logic of olfactory perception. Nobel Lecture.
Yarmolinsky DA, Zuker CS, Ryba NJ (2009). Common sense about taste: from mammals to insects. Cell 139(2):234-44.

Secondary readings:

Buck L, Axel R (1991). A novel multigene family may encode odorant receptors: a molecular basis for odor recognition. Cell 65(1):175-87.
Hoon MA, Adler E, Lindemeier J, Battey JF, Ryba NJ, Zuker CS (1999). Putative mammalian taste receptors: a class of taste-specific GPCRs with distinct topographic selectivity. Cell 96(4):541-51.
Clyne PJ, Warr CG, Freeman MR, Lessing D, Kim J, Carlson JR (1999). A novel family of divergent seven-transmembrane proteins: candidate odorant receptors in Drosophila. Neuron 22(2):327-38.
Wang JW, Wong AM, Flores J, Vosshall LB, Axel R (2003). Two-photon calcium imaging reveals an odor-evoked map of activity in the fly brain. Cell 112(2):271-82.
Lee T, Luo L (2001). Mosaic analysis with a repressible cell marker (MARCM) for Drosophila neural development. Trends Neurosci 24:251-254.

Lecture slides (2012)

Lecture slides (2009)
Audio recording (2009)

Mar 22

uptown

Chemical senses: central (Suh)

Text: Squire Chs 23 & 24

Primary readings:

Friedrich RW (2011). Olfactory neuroscience: beyond the bulb. Current Biology 21(11):R438-40.
Miller G (2011). Neuroscience. Sweet here, salty there: evidence for a taste map in the mammalian brain. Science 333(6047):1213.

Secondary readings:

Chen X, Gabitto M, Peng Y, Ryba NJ, Zuker CS (2011). A gustotopic map of taste qualities in the mammalian brain. Science 333(6047):1262-6.
Wilson RI, Turner GC, Laurent G (2004). Transformation of olfactory representations in the Drosophila antennal lobe. Science 303:366-370.
Root CM, Semmelhack JL, Wong AM, Flores J, Want JW (2007). Propagation of olfactory information in Drosophila. PNAS 104:11826-11831.
Zelano C, Sobel N (2005). Humans as an animal model for systems-level organization of olfaction. Neuron 48:431-454.

Lecture slides (2012)

Lecture slides part 1 (2009)
Lecture slides part 2 (2009)
Audio recording (2009)

Mar 23

Conferences

Group A: Suh (10-noon, Coles 212)
Peng & Zang

Group B: Ringstadt (10-noon, Coles 213)
Shamir & Perry

Readings:

Murthy et al. (2008). Testing odor response stereotypy in the Drosophila mushroom body. Neuron 59:1009-23
Choi et al. (2011). Driving Opposing Behaviors with Ensembles of Piriform Neurons. Cell 146:1004-1015

Mar 27

uptown

Somatosensation: periphery (Gardner)

Text: Squire Chs 23 & 25

Primary readings:

Gardner EP (2010). A22254 Touch [version 2.0]. In: Encyclopedia of Life Sciences. John Wiley & Sons (in press).
Johansson RS, Vallbo ÅB (1983). Tactile sensory coding in the glabrous skin of the human hand. Trends Neurosci 6:27-32
Johnson KO (2001). The roles and functions of cutaneous mechanoreceptors. Curr Opin Neurobiol 11:455-461.

Secondary readings:

Johnson KO, Hsiao SS (1992). Neural mechanisms of tactile form and texture mechanisms. Annual Review of Neuroscience 15:227-250.
Talbot WH, Darian-Smith I, Kornhuber HH, Mountcastle VB (1968). The sense of flutter-vibration: comparison of the human capacity with response patterns of mechanoreceptive afferents from the monkey hand. J Neurophysiol 31:301-334.
Johansson RS & Flanagan RJ (2009). Coding and use of tactile signals from the fingertips in object manipulation tasks. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 10:345-359.

Additional readings (for all 3 lectures, optional)

Lecture slides (2012)

Lecture slides (2009)
Audio recording (2009)

Mar 29

uptown

Somatosensation: central (Gardner)

Text: Squire Chs 23 & 25

Primary readings:

Gardner EP (2010). A22254 Touch [version 2.0]. In: Encyclopedia of Life Sciences. John Wiley & Sons (in press).
Mountcastle VB (1995). The parietal system and some higher brain functions. Cerebral Cortex 5:377-390.
Nelson RJ, Sur M, Felleman DJ, Kaas JH (1980). Representations of the body surface in postcentral parietal cortex of Macaca fascicularis. J Comp Neurol 192:611-643.
Pons TP, Garraghty PE, Ommaya AK, Kaas JH, Taub E, Mishkin M (1991). Massive cortical reorganization after sensory deafferentation in adult macaques. Science 252:1857-1860.

Secondary readings:

Mountcastle VB (1997). The columnar organization of the neocortex. Brain 120:701-722.
Recanzone GH, Merzenich MM, Jenkins WM, Grajski KA, Dinse HR (1992). Topographic reorganization of the hand representation in cortical area 3b owl monkeys trained in a frequency-discrimination task. J Neurophysiol 67:1031-1056.
Romo R, Salinas E (2003). Flutter Discrimination: Neural codes, perception, memory and decision making. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 4:293-218.

Additional readings (for all 3 lectures, optional)

Lecture slides (2012)

Lecture slides (2009)
Audio recording (2009)

Apr 3

uptown

Pain and temperature sense (Gardner)

Primary readings:

Julius D, Basbaum AI (2001). Molecular mechanisms of nociception. Nature 413:203-210.
Dhaka A, Viswanath V, Patapoutian A (2006). TRP Ion Channels and Temperature Sensation. Annu Rev Neurosci 29:135-161.
Dubin AE, Patapoutian A (2010). Nociceptors: the sensors of the pain pathway. J Clin Invest 120:3760-3772.
Craig AD (2002). How do you feel? Interoception: the sense of the physiological condition of the body. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 3:655-666.
Tracey I (2010). Getting the pain you expect: mechanisms of placebo, nocebo, and reappraisal effects in humans. Nature Medicine 16:1277-1283.
Tracey I, Mantyh PW (2007). The cerebral signature for pain perception and its modulation. Neuron 55:377-391.

Secondary readings:

Scholz J, Woolf CJ (2002). Can we conquer pain? Nature Neurosci Suppl 5:1062-1067.
Apkarian AV, Bushnell MC, Treede RD, Zubieta J-K (2005). Human brain mechanisms of pain perception and regulation in health and disease. Eur J Pain 9:463-484.
Bandell M, Macpherson LJ, Patapoutian A (2007). From chills to chilis: mechanisms for thermosensation and chemesthesis via thermoTRPs. Curr Opin Neurobiol 17:490-497.
Scholz J, Woolf CJ (2002). Can we conquer pain? Nature Neurosci Suppl 5:1062-1067.
Treede RD, Apkarian AV (2008). Nociceptive processing in the cerebral cortex. Elsevier: The Senses: A comprehensive reference. V. 669-697.
Willis WD (2007). The somatosensory system, with emphasis on structures important for pain. Brain Res Rev 55:297-313.

Additional readings (for all 3 lectures, optional)

Lecture slides (2012)

Lecture slides (2009)
Audio recording (2009)

Apr 5

uptown

Muscles, motor neurons & motor pools (Rosenbluth/Lang)

Text: Squire Chs 28 & 29

Readings:

Berne & Levy (2010). Skeletal Muscle Physiology, Ch. 12 in Principles of Physiology 6th edition (Koeppen BM and Stanton BA, eds), Mosby/Elsevier.

Lecture slides: muscles (2012)
Lecture slides: motor neurons (2012)

Lecture slides: muscles (2009)
Audio recording (2009)

Lecture slides: motor neurons (2009)
Audio recording (2009)

Apr 10

uptown

Reflexes I: Sherrington reflexes & CPGs (Lang)

Text: Squire Chs 28 & 29

Secondary readings:

Sherrington CS (1906), pp 16-68 in Gallistel CR (1980a), The organization of action, Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Weiss P (1941), pp 210-287 in Gallistel CR (1980a), The organization of action, Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
von Holst E, von Saint Paul U (1963). On the functional organization of drives. Animal Behaviour, 11:1-20.
Gallistel CR (1980). From muscles to motivation. American Scientist, 68:398-409.

Lecture slides (2012)

Lecture slides (2009)
Audio recording

Midterm II exam due (covering Semple, Simoncelli, Suh, Gardner)

Apr 12

uptown

Reflexes II: posture & locomotion (Lang)

Text: Squire Chs 28 & 29

Secondary readings:

Bernstein N (1935). The problem of the interrelation of co-ordination and localization. Arch Biol Sci 38. Reprinted in Whiting HTA (ed) (1984) Human Motor Actions. Bernstein Reassessed. North-Holland.
Yuste R, MacLean JN, Smith J, Lansner A (2005). The cortex as a central pattern generator. Nat Rev Neurosci 6:477-83.

Lecture slides (2012)

Apr 13

Conferences

Group A: Gardner (10-noon, Coles 212)
Keeley & Shewcraft

Group B: Froemke (10-noon, Coles 213)
Munoz-Miranda & Suutari

Readings:

Romo R, Salinas E (2003). Flutter discrimination: Neural codes, perception, memory and decision making. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 4:203-218.
Romo R, Hernandez A, Zainos A, Lemus L, Brody CD (2002). Neural correlates of decision-making in secondary somatosensory cortex. Nat Neurosci 5:1217-1255

Additional readings for conference presenters:

Mountcastle VB, Steinmetz MA, Romo R (1990). Frequency discrimination in the sense of flutter: Psychophysical measurements correlated with postcentral events in behaving monkeys. J Neurosci 10: 3032-3044
Luna R, Hernandez A, Brody CD, Romo R (2005). Neural codes for perceptual discrimination in primary somatosensory cortex. Nat Neurosci 8: 1210-1219
Salinas E, Hernandez A, Zainos A, Romo R (2000). Periodicity and firing rate as candidate neural codes for the frequency of vibrotactile stimuli. J Neurosci 20: 5503-5515.

Apr 17

downtown

Descending motor control, motor cortex (Glimcher)

Text: Squire Ch 30

Readings:

Tanji J, Evarts EV (1976). Anticipatory activity of motor cortex neurons in relation to direction of intended movement. J Neurophysiol 39:1062-1068.
Soctt SH (2004). Optimal feedback control and the neural basis of volitional motor control. Nat Rev Neurosci 5:534-546.
Kalaska JF, Cohen DA, Hyde ML, Prud'homme M (1989). A comparison of movement direction vs. load direction. J Neurosci, 9:2080- 2102.

Lecture slides (2012)

Apr 19

downtown

Sensorimotor integration, posterior parietal cortex (Pesaran)

Text: Squire Ch 30

Readings:

Andersen RA, Buneo CA (2002). Intentional maps in posterior parietal cortex. Annu Rev Neurosci. 25:189-220.

Lecture slides (2012)

Apr 24

downtown

Basal ganglia (Glimcher)

Text: Squire Ch 31

Readings:

Haber SN (2003). The primate basal ganglia: parallel and integrative networks. J Chem Neuroanat, 26:317-330.
Glimcher PW (2011). Understanding dopamine and reinforcement learning: The dopamine reward prediction error hypothesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci, 108 Suppl 3:15647-15654.

Lecture slides (2012)

Apr 26

downtown

Eye movements I: VOR & OKN (Glimcher)

Text: Squire Ch 33

Readings:

The vestibular-optokinetic system, Ch 2 in Leigh RJ and Zee, DS, The Neurology of Eye Movements, London: Oxford (2006).

Lecture slides (2011)

May 1

downtown

Eye movements II: saccades, pursuit, vergence (Peseran)

Text: Squire Ch 33

Readings:

The saccadic system, Ch 3 in Leigh RJ and Zee, DS, The Neurology of Eye Movements, London: Oxford (2006).
Smooth pursuit and visual fixation, Ch 4 in Leigh RJ and Zee, DS, The Neurology of Eye Movements, London: Oxford (2006).

Lecture slides (2011)

May 3

uptown

Cerebellum (Llinas)

Text: Squire Ch 32

Lecture slides (from 2007)

May 8

Conferences

Group A: Long (10-noon, Coles 213)
Leffler, Tirko, Shin

Group B: Pesaran (10-noon, Meyer 261)
Cichon, Wincott, Woods

May 11

Final exam due (covering Lang, Pesaran, Glimcher, Llinas)