Publications

2024

• Yue Liu, Xiao-Jing Wang (2024)
  Flexible gating between subspaces by a disinhibitory motif: a neural network model of internally guided task switching
  BioRxiv. doi:10.1101/2023.08.15.553375
  [ PDF ]
• Ulises Pereira-Obilinovic, Han Hou, Karel Svoboda, Xiao-Jing Wang (2024)
  Brain mechanism of foraging: reward-dependent synaptic plasticity versus neural integration of values
  PNAS. doi:10.1073/pnas.2318521121
  [ PDF ]

2023

• Xingyu Ding, Sean Froudist-Walsh, Jorge Jaramillo, Junjie Jiang, Xiao-Jing Wang (2023)
  Cell type-specific connectome predicts distributed working memory activity in the mouse brain
  eLife. doi:10.7554/eLife.85442
  [ PDF ]
• Wayne W.M. Soo, Vishwa Goudar, Xiao-Jing Wang (2023)
  Training biologically plausible recurrent neural networks on cognitive tasks with long-term dependencies
  Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. doi:10.1101/2023.10.10.561588
  [ PDF ]
• Lucija Rapan, Sean Froudist-Walsh, Meiqi Niu, Ting Xu, Ling Zhao, Thomas Funck, Xiao-Jing Wang, Katrin Amunts, Nicola Palomero-Gallagher (2023)
  Cytoarchitectonic, receptor distribution and functional connectivity analyses of the macaque frontal lobe
  Elife. doi:10.7554/eLife.82850
  [ PDF ]
• Sean Froudist-Walsh, Ting Xu, Meiqi Niu, Lucija Rapan, Ling Zhao, Daniel S. Margulies, Karl Zilles, Xiao-Jing Wang &
Nicola Palomero-Gallagher (2023)
  Gradients of neurotransmitter receptor expression in the macaque cortex
  Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/s41593-023-01351-2
  [ PDF ]
• Xiao-Jing Wang, Junjie Jiang, Ulises Pereira-Obilinovic (2023)
  Bifurcation in space: Emergence of function modularity in the neocortex
  BioRxiv. doi:10.1101/2023.06.04.543639
  [ PDF ]
• John Hongyu Meng, Benjamin Schuman, Bernardo Rudy, Xiao-Jing Wang (2023)
  Mechanisms of Dominant Electrophysiological Features of Four Subtypes of Layer 1 Interneurons
  Journal of Neuroscience. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1876-22.2023
  [ PDF ]
• Vishwa Goudar, Jeong-Woo Kim, Yue Liu, Adam JO Dede, Michael J Jutras, Ivan Skelin, Michael Ruvalcaba, William Chang, Adrienne L Fairhall, Jack J Lin, Robert T Knight, Elizabeth A Buffalo, Xiao-Jing Wang (2023)
  Comparing rapid rule-learning strategies in humans and monkeys
  bioRxiv. doi:10.1101/2023.01.10.523416
  [ PDF ]
• Vishwa Goudar, Barbara Peysakhovich, David J Freedman, Elizabeth A Buffalo, Xiao-Jing Wang (2023)
  Schema formation in a neural population subspace underlies learning-to-learn in flexible sensorimotor problem-solving
  Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/s415$
  [ PDF ]

2022

• Xiao-Jing Wang (2022)
  Theory of the Multiregional Neocortex: Large-Scale Neural Dynamics and Distributed Cognition
  Annual Review of Neuroscience. doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-110920-035434
  [ PDF ]
• Jorge F Mejías, Xiao-Jing Wang (2022)
  Mechanisms of distributed working memory in a large-scale network of macaque neocortex
  eLife. doi:10.7554/eLife.72136
  [ PDF ]
  Code can be downloaded from here.
• Norman H. Lam, Thiago Borduqui, Jaime Hallak, Antonio Roque, Alan Anticevic, John H. Krystal, Xiao-Jing Wang, and John D. Murray (2022)
  Effects of Altered Excitation-Inhibition Balance on Decision Making in a Cortical Circuit Model
  Journal of Neuroscience. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1371-20.2021
  [ PDF ]
• Ulysse Klatzmann*, Sean Froudist-Walsh*, Daniel P. Bliss, Panagiota Theodoni, Jorge Mejias, Meiqi Niu , Lucija Rapan, Nicola Palomero-Gallagher, Claire Sergent, Stanislas Dehaene and Xiao-Jing Wang (2022)
  A connectome-based model of conscious access in monkey cortex
  bioRxiv. doi:10.1101/2022.02.20.481230
  [ PDF ]
• Yang Xie, Peiyao Hu, Junru Li, Jingwen Chen, Weibin Song, Xiao-Jing Wang, Tianming Yang, Stanislas Dehaene, Shiming Tang, Bin Min, Liping Wang (2022)
  Geometry of sequence working memory in macaque prefrontal cortex
  Science. doi:10.1126/science.abm0204
  [ PDF ]
• Songting Li, Xiao-Jing Wang (2022)
  Hierarchical timescales in the neocortex: mathematical mechanism and biological insights
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. doi:10.1073/pnas.2110274119
  [ PDF ]

2021

• Zilong Gao, Hanqing Wang, Chen Lu, Tiezhan Lu, Sean Froudist-Walsh, Ming Chen, Xiao-Jing Wang, Ji Hu, Wenzhi Sun (2021)
  The neural basis of delayed gratification
  Science Advances. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abg6611
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J (2021)
  50 years of mnemonic persistent activity: quo vadis?
  Trends in Neurosciences. doi:10.1016/j.tins.2021.09.001
  [ PDF ]
• Froudist-Walsh S, Bliss DP, Ding X, Rapan L, Niu M, Knoblauch K, Zilles K, Kennedy H, Palomero-Gallagher N, Wang X-J (2021)
  A dopamine gradient controls access to distributed working memory in the large-scale monkey cortex
  Neuron. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2021.08.024
  [ PDF ]
• Theodoni P, Majka P, Reser DH, Wojcik DK, Rosa MGP, Wang X-J (2021)
  Structural attributes and principles of the neocortical connectome in the marmoset monkey
  Cerebral Cortex. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhab191
  [ PDF ]
• Llorens A, Tzovara A, Bellier L, Bhaya-Grossman I, Bidet-Caulet A, Chang WK, Cross ZR, Dominguez-Faus R, Flinker A, Fonken Y, Gorenstein MA, Holdgraf C, Hoy CW, Ivanova MV, Jimenez RT, Jun S, Kam JWY, Kidd C, Marcelle E, Marciano D, Martin S, Myers NE, Ojala K, Perry A, Pinheiro-Chagas P, Ries SK, Saez I, Skelin I, Slama K, Staveland B, Bassett DS, Buffalo EA, Fairhall AL, Kopell NJ, Kray LJ, Lin JJ, Nobre AC, Riley D, Solbakk A-K, Wallis JD, Wang X-J, Yuval-Greenberg S, Kastner S, Knight RT, Dronkers NF (2021)
  Gender bias in academia: A lifetime problem that needs solutions
  Neuron. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2021.06.002
  [ PDF ]
• Vezoli J, Magrou L, Goebel R, Wang X-J, Knoblauch K, Vinck M, Kennedy H (2021)
  Cortical hierarchy, dual counterstream architecture and the importance of top-down generative networks
  NeuroImage. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117479
  [ PDF ]
• Pettine WW, Louie K, Murray JD, Wang X-J (2021)
  Excitatory-inhibitory tone shapes decision strategies in a hierarchical neural network model of multi-attribute choice
  PLOS Computational Biology. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008791
  [ PDF ]

2020

• Wang X-J, Pereira U, Rosa MGP, Kennedy H (2020)
  Brain connectomes come of age
  Current Opinion in Neurobiology. doi:10.1016/j.conb.2020.11.002
  [ PDF ]
• Yang GR, Wang X-J (2020)
  Artificial neural networks for neuroscientists: A primer
  Neuron. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.09.005
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J, Hu H, Huang C, Kennedy H, Li CT, Logothetis N, Lu Z-L, Luo Q, Poo M-M, Tsao D, Wu Si, Wu Z, Zhang X, Zhou D (2020)
  Computational neuroscience: a frontier of the 21st century
  National Science Review. doi:10.1093/nsr/nwaa129
  [ PDF ] [ Chinese Version ]
• Min B, Bliss DP, Sarma A, Freedman DJ, Wang X-J (2020)
  A neural circuit mechanism of categorical perception: top-down signaling in the primate cortex
  bioRxiv. doi:10.1101/2020.06.15.151506
  [ PDF ]
• Torres-Gomez S, Blonde JD, Mendoza-Halliday D, Kuebler E, Everest M, Wang X-J, Inoue W, Poulter MO, Martinez-Trujillo J (2020)
  Changes in the proportion of inhibitory interneuron types from sensory to executive areas of the primate neocortex: Implications for the origins of working memory representations
  Cerebral Cortex. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhaa056
  [ PDF ]
• Majka P, Bai S, Bakola S, Bednarek S, Chan JM, Jermakow N, Passarelli L, Reser DH, Theodoni P, Worthy KH, Wang X-J, Wójcik DK, Mitra PP, Rosa MGP (2020)
  Open access resource for cellular-resolution analyses of corticocortical connectivity in the marmoset monkey
  Nature Communications. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-14858-0
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J (2020)
  Macroscopic gradients of synaptic excitation and inhibition in the neocortex
  Nature Reviews Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/s41583-020-0262-x
  [ PDF ]

2019

• Barral J, Wang X-J and Reyes AD (2019)
  Propagation of temporal and rate signals in cultured multilayer networks
  Nature Communications. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-11851-0
  [ PDF ]
• Yim MY, Cai X and Wang X-J (2019)
  Transforming the choice outcome to an action plan in monkey lateral prefrontal cortex: a neural circuit model
  Neuron. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2019.05.032
  [ PDF ]
• Masse NY, Yang GR, Song HF, Wang X-J and Freedman DJ (2019)
  Circuit mechanisms for the maintenance and manipulation of information in working memory
  Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/s41593-019-0414-3
  [ PDF ]
• Fulcher BD, Murray JD, Zerbi V, Wang X-J (2019)
  Multimodal gradients across mouse cortex
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. doi:10.1073/pnas.1814144116
  [ PDF ]
• Yang GR, Joglekar MR, Song HF, Newsome WT, Wang X-J (2019)
  Task representations in neural networks trained to perform many cognitive tasks
  Nature Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0310-2
  [ PDF ]

2018

• Jaramillo J, Mejias JF, Wang X-J (2018)
  Engagement of pulvino-cortical feedforward and feedback pathways in cognitive computations
  Neuron. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.11.023
  [ PDF ]
• Joglekar MR, Mejias JF, Yang GR, Wang X-J (2018)
  Inter-areal balanced amplification enhances signal propagation in a large-scale circuit model of the primate cortex
  Neuron. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2018.02.031
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J, Yang GR (2018)
  A disinhibitory circuit motif and flexible information routing in the brain
  Current Opinion in Neurobiology. doi:10.1016/j.conb.2018.01.002
  [ PDF ]
• Murray JD, Wang X-J (2018)
  Cortical circuit models in psychiatry: linking disrupted excitation-inhibition balance to cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia
  Computational Psychiatry. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-809825-7.00001-8
  [ PDF ]

2017

• Garcia del Molino LC, Yang GR, Mejias JF, Wang X-J (2017)
  Paradoxical response reversal of top-down modulation in cortical circuits with three interneuron types
  eLife. doi:10.7554/eLife.29742
  [ PDF ]
• Murray JD*, Jaramillo J*, Wang X-J (2017) (* equal contribution)
  Working memory and decision-making in a frontoparietal circuit model
  Journal of Neuroscience. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0343-17.2017
  [ PDF ]
• Chaudhuri R, He BJ, Wang X-J (2017)
  Random recurrent networks near criticality capture the broadband power distribution of human eCoG dynamics
  Cerebral Cortex. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhx233
  [ PDF ]
• Kim Y*, Yang GR*, Pradhan K, Venkataraju KU, Bota M, Garcia Del Molino LC, Fitzgerald G, Ram K, He M, Levine JM, Mitra P, Huang ZJ, Wang X-J, Osten P (2017) (* equal contribution)
  Brain-wide maps reveal stereotyped cell-type-based cortical architecture and subcortical sexual dimorphism
  Cell. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.09.020
  [ PDF ]
• Krystal JH, Anticevic A, Yang GJ, Dragoi G, Driesen NR, Wang X-J, Murray JD (2017)
  Impaired tuning of neural ensembles and the pathophysiology of schizophrenia: A translational and computational neuroscience perspective
  Biological Psychiatry. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.01.004
  [ PDF ]
• Krystal JH, Murray JD, Chekroud AM, Corlett PR, Yang G, Wang X-J, Anticevic A (2017)
  Computational psychiatry and the challenge of schizophrenia
  Schizophrenia Bulletin. doi:10.1093/schbul/sbx025
  [ PDF ]
• Chaisangmongkon W, Swaminathan SK, Freedman DJ, Wang X-J (2017)
  Computing by robust transience: How the fronto-parietal network performs sequential, category-based decisions
  Neuron. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.03.002
  [ PDF ]
• Song HF, Yang GR, Wang X-J (2017)
  Reward-based training of recurrent neural networks for cognitive and value-based tasks
  eLife. doi:10.7554/eLife.21492
  [ PDF ]

2016

• Starc M, Murray JD, Santamauro N, Savic A, Diehl C, Cho YT, Srihari V, Morgan PT, Krystal JH, Wang X-J, Repovs G, Anticevic A (2016)
  Schizophrenia is associated with a pattern of spatial working memory deficits consistent with cortical disinhibition
  Schizophrenia Research. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2016.10.011
  [ PDF ]
• Murray JD, Bernacchia A, Roy NA, Constantinidis C, Romo R, Wang X-J (2016)
  Stable population coding for working memory coexists with heterogeneous neural dynamics in prefrontal cortex
  Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. doi:10.1073/pnas.1619449114
  [ PDF ]
• Wei W, Wang X-J (2016)
  Inhibitory control in the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamocortical loop: Complex regulation and interplay with memory and decision processes
  Neuron 92:1093. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2016.10.031
  [ PDF ] [ Cover figure ]
• Mejias JF, Murray JD, Kennedy H, Wang X-J (2016)
  Feedforward and feedback frequency-dependent interactions in a large-scale laminar network of the primate cortex
  Science Adv. 2:e1601335. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601335
  [ PDF ] [ bioRxiv ]
• Yang GR, Murray JD, Wang X-J (2016)
  A dendritic disinhibitory circuit mechanism for pathway-specific gating
  Nature Comms. 7:12815. doi:10.1038/ncomms12815
  [ PDF ] [ bioRxiv ]
• Lo C-C, Wang X-J (2016)
  Conflict resolution as near-threshold decision-making: A spiking neural circuit model with two-stage competition for antisaccadic task
  PLoS Comp. Bio. 12:e1005081. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005081
  [ PDF ]
• Wei W, Wang X-J (2016)
  Downstream effect of ramping neuronal activity through synapses with short-term plasticity
  Neural Comput. 28:652-666. doi:10.1162/NECO_a_00818
  [ PDF ]
• Song HF*, Yang GR*, Wang X-J (2016) (* equal contribution)
  Training excitatory-inhibitory recurrent neural networks for cognitive tasks: A simple and flexible framework
  PLoS Comp. Bio. 12:e1004792. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004792
  [ PDF ] [ code ]
• Wang X-J, Kennedy H (2016)
  Brain structure and dynamics across scales: in search of rules
  Curr. Opin. in Neurobio. 37:92-98. doi:10.1016/j.conb.2015.12.010
  [ PDF ]
• Sarma A, Masse NY, Wang X-J, Freedman DJ (2016)
  Task-specific versus generalized mnemonic representations in parietal and prefrontal cortices
  Nature Neuroscience 19:143–149. doi:10.1038/nn.4168
  [ PDF ] [ Nat. Neurosci. News & Views ]

2015

• Wei W, Wang X-J (2015)
  Impact of membrane bistability on dynamical response of neuronal populations
  Phys. Rev. E 92:032726. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.92.0327265
  [ PDF ]
• Yang GJ, Murray JD, Wang X-J, Glahn DC, Pearlson GD, Repovs G, Krystal JH, Anticevic A (2015)
  Functional hierarchy underlies preferential connectivity disturbances in schizophrenia
  Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 113:E219–E228. doi:10.1073/pnas.1508436113
  [ PDF ]
• Stephan KE, Bach DR, Fletcher PC, Flint J, Frank MJ, Friston KJ, Heinz A, Huys QJM, Owen MJ, Binder EB, Dayan P, Johnstone EC, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Montague PR, Schnyder U, Wang X-J, Breakspear M (2015)
  Charting the landscape of priority problems in psychiatry, part 1: classification and diagnosis
  Lancet Psychiatry doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00361-2
  [ PDF ]
• Stephan KE, Binder EB, Breakspear M, Dayan P, Johnstone EC, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Schnyder U, Wang X-J, Bach DR, Fletcher PC, Flint J, Frank MJ, Heinz A, Huys QJM, Montague PR, Owen MJ, Friston KJ (2015)
  Charting the landscape of priority problems in psychiatry, part 2: pathogenesis and aetiology
  Lancet Psychiatry doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00360-0
  [ PDF ]
• Lo C-C, Wang C-T, Wang X-J (2015)
  Speed-accuracy tradeoff by a control signal with balanced excitation and inhibition
  Journal of Neurophysiology 114:650-661. doi:10.1152/jn.00845.2013
  [ PDF ]
• Chaudhuri R, Knoblauch K, Gariel M-A, Kennedy H, Wang X-J (2015)
  A large-scale circuit mechanism for hierarchical dynamical processing in the primate cortex
  Neuron 88, 419–431. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2015.09.008
  [ PDF ] [ Neuron Preview ]
• Wei Z, Wang X-J (2015)
  Confidence estimation as a stochastic process in a neurodynamical system of decision making
  J. Neurophys. 114, 99-113. doi:10.1152/jn.00793.2014
  [ PDF ]
• Engel TA*, Chaisangmongkon W*, Freedman DJ, Wang X-J (2015) (* equal contribution)
  Choice-correlated activity fluctuations underlie learning of neuronal category representation
  Nature Communications 6, 6454. doi:10.1038/ncomms7454
  [ PDF ] [ Press ]
• Wei W, Rubin JE, Wang, X-J (2015)
  Role of the indirect pathway of the basal ganglia in perceptual decision making
  J. Neurosci. 35, 4052-4064. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3611-14.2015
  [ PDF ]
• Anticevic A, Hu X, Xiao Y, Hu J, Li F, Bi F, Cole MW, Savic A, Yang GJ, Repovs G, Murray JD, Wang X-J, Huang X, Lui S, Krystal JH, Gong Q (2015)
  Early-course unmedicated schizophrenia patients exhibit elevated prefrontal connectivity associated with longitudinal change
  J. Neurosci. 35, 267. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2310-14.2015
  [ PDF ]

2014

• Song HF, Wang X-J (2014)
  Simple, distance-dependent formulation of the Watts-Strogatz model for directed and undirected small-world networks
  Phys. Rev. E 90, 062801. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.90.062801
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J, Krystal JH (2014)
  Computational Psychiatry
  Neuron, 84:638-654. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2014.10.018
  [ PDF ]
• Murray JD, Bernacchia A, Freedman DJ, Romo R, Wallis JD, Cai X, Padoa-Schioppa C, Pasternak T, Seo H, Lee D, Wang X-J (2014)
  A hierarchy of intrinsic timescales across primate cortex
  Nature Neuroscience 17, 1661. doi:10.1038/nn.3862
  [ PDF ]
• Song HF, Kennedy H, Wang X-J (2014)
  Spatial embedding of structural similarity in the cerebral cortex
  Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 111, 16580. doi:10.1073/pnas.1414153111
  [ PDF ]
• Pereira J, Wang X-J (2014)
  A tradeoff between accuracy and flexibility in a working memory circuit endowed with slow feedback mechanisms
  Cerebral Cortex. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhu202
  [ PDF ]
• Yang GJ*, Murray JD*, Repovs G, Cole MW, Savic A, Glasser MF, Pittenger C, Krystal JH, Wang X-J, Pearlson GD, Glahn DC, Anticevic A (2014) (* equal contribution)
  Altered global brain signal in schizophrenia
  Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 111, 7438. doi:10.1073/pnas.1405289111
  [ PDF ]
• Chaudhuri R, Bernacchia A, Wang X-J (2014)
  A diversity of localized timescales in network activity
  eLife 2014;3:e01239. doi:10.7554/eLife.01239
  [ PDF ]
• Murray JD, Anticevic A, Gancsos M, Ichinose M, Corlett PR, Krystal JH, Wang X-J (2014)
  Linking microcircuit dysfunction to cognitive impairment: Effects of disinhibition associated with schizophrenia in a cortical working memory model.
  Cerebral Cortex 24:859-872, doi:10.1093/cercor/bhs370.
  [ PDF ]

2013

• Anticevic A, Cole MW, Repovs G, Savic A, Driesen NR, Yang G, Cho YT, Murray JD, Glahn DC, Wang X-J, Krystal JH (2013)
  Connectivity, pharmacology, and computation: toward a mechanistic understanding of neural system dysfunction in schizophrenia
  Front. Psychiatry 4, 169. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00169
  [ PDF ]
• Ardid S, Wang X-J (2013)
  A Tweaking Principle for Executive Control: Neuronal Circuit Mechanism for Rule-Based Task Switching and Conflict Resolution
  J. Neurosci. 33, 19504. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1356-13.2013
  [ PDF ]
• Bernacchia A, Wang X-J (2013)
  Decorrelation by Recurrent Inhibition in Heterogeneous Neural Circuits
  Neural Comput. 25, 1732. doi:10.1162/NECO_a_00451
  [ PDF ]
• Rigotti M, Barak O, Warden MR, Wang X-J, Daw ND, Miller EK, Fusi S (2013)
  The importance of mixed selectivity in complex cognitive tasks
  Nature. doi:10.1038/nature12160
  [ PDF ]
• Wang C-T, Lee C-T, Wang X-J, Lo C-C (2013)
  Top-Down Modulation on Perceptual Decision with Balanced Inhibition through Feedforward and Feedback Inhibitory Neurons.
  PLoS ONE 8(4): e62379. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0062379
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J (2013)
  In Principles of Frontal Lobe Function, Edited by DT Stuss and RT Knight, Oxford University Press.
  The Prefrontal Cortex as a Quintessential "Cognitive-Type" Neural Circuit.
  [ PDF ]
• Wang M, Yang Y, Wang C-J, Gamo NJ, Jin LE, Mazer JA, Morrison JH, Wang X-J, Arnsten AFT (2013)
  NMDA receptors subserve persistent neuronal firing during working memory in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
  Neuron 77, 736-749. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.12.032
  [ PDF ]

2012

• Anticevic A, Cole MW, Murray JD, Corlett PR, Wang X-J, Krystal JH (2012)
  The role of default network deactivation in cognition and disease.
  Trends in Cognitive Science, 16:584-592.
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J (2012)
  Neural dynamics and circuit mechanisms of decision-making.
  Curr. Op. Neurobiol., 22: 1-8.
  [ PDF ]
• Anticevic A, Gancsos M, Murray JD, Repovs G, Driesen NR, Ennis DJ, Niciu MJ, Morgan PT, Surti TS, Bloch MH, Ramani R, Smith MA, Wang X-J, Krystal JH, Corlett PR (2012)
  NMDA receptor function in large-scale anticorrelated neural systems with implications for cognition and schizophrenia.
  Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 109:16720-16725.
  [ PDF ]
• Wei Z, Wang X-J, Wang DH (2012)
  From distributed resources to limited slots in multiple-item working memory: a spiking network model with normalization.
  J. Neurosci., 32: 11228-11240.
  [ PDF ]
• Buzsaki G, Wang X-J (2012)
  Mechanisms of Gamma Oscillations.
  Ann. Rev. Neurosci., 35: 203-225.
  [ PDF ]

2011

• Wang M, Gamo NJ, Yang Y, Jin LE, Wang X-J, Laubach M, Mazer JA, Lee D, Arnsten AF (2011)
  Neuronal basis of age-related working memory decline.
  Nature, 476: 210-213
  [ PDF ]
• Murray JD, Ardid S (2011)
  What can tracking fluctuations in dozens of sensory neurons tell about selective attention?
  Front. Syst. Neurosci., 5: 35. doi: 10.3389/fnsys.2011.00035
  [ PDF ]
• Engel TA, Wang X-J (2011)
  Same or different? A neural circuit mechanism of similarity based pattern-match decision making.
  J. Neurosci., 31: 6982-6996
  [ PDF ]
• Churchland AK, Kiani R, Chaudhuri R, Wang X-J, Pouget A, Shadlen MN (2011)
  Variance as a signature of neural computations during decision making.
  Neuron, 69: 818-831
  [ PDF ]
• Bernacchia A, Seo H, Lee D, Wang X-J (2011)
  A reservoir of time constants for memory traces in cortical neurons.
  Nature Neurosci., 14: 366-372
  [ PDF ]

2010

• Corlett PR, Taylor JR, Wang X-J, Fletcher PC, Krystal JH (2010)
  Toward a neurobiology of delusions.
  Prog. Neurobiol., 92: 345-369
  [ PDF ]
• Rigotti M, Ben Dayan Rubin DD, Wang X-J and Fusi S (2010)
  Internal representation of task rules by recurrent dynamics: the importance of the diversity of neural responses.
  Front. Comput. Neurosci., 4: 24. doi: 10.3389/fncom.2010.00024
  [ PDF ]
• Ardid S, Wang X-J, Gomez-Cabrero D, Compte A (2010)
  Reconciling coherent oscillation with modulation of irregular spiking activity in selective attention: gamma-range synchronization between sensory and executive cortical areas
  J. Neurosci., 30: 2856-2870
  [ PDF ] [ Supplemental ]
• Soltani A, Wang X-J (2010)
  Synaptic computation underlying probabilistic inference
  Nature Neurosci., 13: 112-119
  [ PDF ] [ Supplemental ]
• Wang X-J (2010)
  Prefrontal cortex.
  In Handbook of Brain Microcircuits, Edited by Shepherd GM and Grillner S, Oxford University Press.
  [ PDF ]
• Engel T, Andrieux D (2010)
  Forget before you remember: dynamic mechanism of memory decay and retrieval.
  Front. Neurosci., 4: 3-5
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J (2010)
  Neurophysiological and computational principles of cortical rhythms in cognition
  Physiol. Rev., 90: 1195-1268
  [ PDF ]

2009

• Wang X-J (2009)
  Introduction to computational neuroscience.
  [ English version  |  Chinese version ]
• Lo CC, Boucher L, Paré M, Schall JD, Wang X-J (2009)
  Proactive inhibitory control and attractor dynamics in countermanding action: a spiking neural circuit model
  J. Neurosci. 29: 9059-9071
  [ PDF ]
• Ballanger B (2009)
  Top-down control of saccades as part of a generalized model of proactive inhibitory control
  J. Neurophysiol., 102: 2578-2580
  [ PDF ]
• Vasilaki E, Fusi S, Wang X-J, Senn W (2009)
  Learning flexible sensori-motor mappings in a complex network
  Biol. Cybern. 100: 147-158
  [ PDF ]

2008

• Furman M and Wang X-J (2008)
  Similarity effect and optimal control of multiple-choice decision making
  Neuron 60: 1153-1168
  [ PDF ]
• Morita K (2009)
  Dynamical foundations of the neural circuit for bayesian decision making
  J. Neurophysiol., 102: 1-6
  [ PDF ]
• Liu F and Wang X-J (2008)
  A common cortical circuit mechanism for perceptual categorical discrimination and veridical judgment
  PLoS Comput. Biol. 4: e1000253. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000253
  [ PDF ]
• Wang H, Stradtman GG III, Wang X-J, Gao W-J (2008)
  A specialized NMDA receptor function in layer 5 recurrent microcircuitry of the adult rat prefrontal cortex
  Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 105: 16791-16796
  [ PDF ]
• Köndgen H, Geisler C, Fusi S, Wang X-J, Lüscher H-R, Giugliano M (2008)
  The dynamical response properties of neocortical neurons to temporally modulated noisy inputs in vitro
  Cerebral Cortex 18: 2086-2097
  [ PDF ]
• Luhman CC, Chun MM, Yi D-J, Lee D, Wang X-J (2008)
  Neural dissociation of delay and uncertainty in intertemporal choice
  J. Neurosci. 28: 14459-14466
  [ PDF ]
• Journal Club by Engelmann JB and Brooks AM (2008)
  Behavioral and neural effects of delays during intertemporal choice are independent of probability
  J. Neurosci., 29: 6055-6057
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J (2008)
  Decision making in recurrent neuronal circuits
  Neuron 60: 215-234
  [ PDF ]
• Soltani A, Wang X-J (2008)
  From biophysics to cognition: reward-dependent adaptive choice behavior
  Current Opinion in Neurobiology 18: 1-8. doi:10.1016/j.conb.2008.07.003
  [ PDF ]
• Lee D and Wang X-J (2008)
  Mechanisms for stochastic decision making in the primate frontal cortex: single-neuron recording and circuit modeling
  In Neuroeconomics: Decision Making and the Brain Edited by Glimcher PW, Camerer CF, Fehr E and Poldrack RA. Academic Press, London.
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J (2008)
  Attractor network models
  In Encyclopedia of Neuroscience, volume 1, pp. 667-679 Edited by Squire LR. Oxford: Academic Press.
  [ PDF ]
• Goldman MS, Compte A, Wang X-J (2008)
  Neural integrator models
  In Encyclopedia of Neuroscience, volume 6, pp. 165-178 Edited by Squire LR. Oxford: Academic Press.
  [ PDF ]

2007

• Wang X-J, Barbas H, Knight RT (2007)
  Dynamic landscape of the frontal lobe: a tribute to Patricia S. Goldman-Rakic
  Cerebral Cortex 17:i4-i5
  [ PDF ]
• Wong K-F, Huk AC, Shadlen MN and Wang X-J (2007)
  Neural circuit dynamics underlying accumulation of time-varying evidence during perceptual decision-making.
  Front. Comput. Neurosci., 1:6. doi: 10.3389/neuro.10/006.2007
  [ PDF ]
• Carter E, Wang X-J (2007)
  Cannabinoid-mediated disinhibition and working memory: dynamical interplay of multiple feedback mechanisms in a continuous attractor model of prefrontal cortex.
  Cerebral Cortex 17:i16-i26
  [ PDF ]
• Ardid S, Wang X-J, Compte A (2007)
  An integrated microcircuit model of attentional processing in the neocortex.
  J. Neurosci., 27: 8486-8495
  [ PDF ] [ Supplemental ]
• Fusi S., Asaad WF, Miller EK, Wang X-J (2007)
  A neural circuit model of flexible sensorimotor mapping: learning and forgetting on multiple timescales.
  Neuron, 54: 319-333
  [ PDF ]
• Renart A, Moreno-Bote R, Wang X-J, Parga N (2007)
  Mean-driven and fluctuation-driven persistent activity in recurrent networks.
  Neural Computation, 19: 1-46.
  [ PDF ]

2006

• Soltani A, Lee D and Wang X-J (2006)
  Neural mechanism for stochastic behavior during a competitive game.
  Neural Networks, 19: 1075-1090
  [ PDF ]
• Miller P and Wang X-J (2006)
  Stability of discrete memory states to stochastic fluctuations in neuronal systems
  Chaos, 16: 026109
  [ PDF ]
• Lo C-C and Wang X-J (2006)
  Cortico-basal ganglia circuit mechanism for a decision threshold in reaction time tasks.
  Nature Neurosci., 9: 956-963
  [ PDF ] [ Supplemental ]
• News and Views by Kiani R, Hanks TD and Shadlen MN (2006)
  When is enough enough? Nature Neurosci., 9: 861-863
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J (2006)
  Toward a prefrontal microcircuit model for cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
  Pharmacopsychiatry, 39 Suppl 1: S80-S87
  [ PDF ]
• Soltani A and Wang X-J (2006)
  A biophysically-based neural model of matching law behavior: melioration by stochastic synapses.
  J. Neurosci., 26: 3731-3744
  [ PDF ] [ Supplemental ]
• Miller P and Wang X-J (2006)
  Power-law neuronal fluctuations in a recurrent network model of parametric working memory.
  J. Neurophysiol., 95: 1099-1114
  [ PDF ]
• Wong K-F and Wang X-J (2006)
  A recurrent network mechanism of time integration in perceptual decisions.
  J. Neurosci., 26: 1314-1328
  [ PDF ] [ Supplemental ]
  Code available on Github
• Miller P and Wang X-J (2006)
  Inhibitory control by an integral feedback signal in prefrontal cortex: a model of discrimination between sequential stimuli.
  PNAS, 103: 201-206
  [ PDF ] [ Supplemental ]
• Compte A and Wang X-J (2006)
  Tuning curve shift by attention modulation in cortical neurons: a computational study of its mechanisms.
  Cerebral Cortex, 16: 761-778
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J (2006)
  A microcircuit model of prefrontal functions: Ying and Yang of reverberatory neurodynamics in cognition.
  In The Prefrontal Lobes: Development, Function and Pathology, Edited by J Risberg, J Grafman and F Boller, Cambridge University Press.
  [ PDF ]

2005

• Geisler C, Brunel N, Wang X-J (2005)
  Contributions of intrinsic membrane dynamics to fast network oscillations with irregular neuronal discharges.
  J. Neurophysiol., 94: 4344-4361
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J (2005)
  Discovering spatial working memory fields in prefrontal cortex.
  J. Neurophysiol., 93: 3027-3028
  [ PDF ]
• Miller P, Zhabotinsky AM, Lisman JE, Wang X-J (2005)
  The stability of a stochastic CaMKII switch: dependence on the number of enzyme molecules and protein turnover.
  PLoS Biol. 3:e107
  [ PDF ]
• Song P, Wang X-J (2005)
  Angular path integration by moving "hill of activity": a spiking neuron model without recurrent excitation of the head-direction system.
  J. Neurosci., 25: 1002-1014
  [ PDF ]

2004

• Constantinidis C, Wang X-J (2004)
  A neural circuit basis for spatial working memory.
  Neuroscientist 10, 553-565
  [ PDF ]
• Buzsaki G, Geisler C, Henze DA, Wang X-J (2004)
  Interneuron diversity series: circuit complexity and axon wiring economy of cortical interneurons.
  Trends in Neurosci., 27, 186-193
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J, Tegner J, Constantinidis C, Goldman-Rakic PS (2004)
  Division of labor among distinct subtypes of inhibitory neurons in a cortical microcircuit of working memory.
  Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA), 101, 1368-1373
  [ PDF ] [ Supplemental ]

2003

• Wang X-J (2003)
  Neural oscillations.
  In Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science, MacMillan Reference Ltd, 2003
  [ PDF ]
• Compte A, Constantinidis C, Tegner J, Raghavachari S, Chafee MV, Goldman-Rakic PS and Wang X-J (2003)
  Temporally irregular mnemonic persistent activity in prefrontal neurons of monkeys during a delayed response task.
  J. Neurophysiol., 90, 3441-3454
  [ PDF ]
• Renart A, Brunel N and Wang X-J (2003)
  Mean-field theory of recurrent cortical networks: from irregularly spiking neurons to working memory.
  In Computational Neuroscience: A Comprehensive Approach, J. Feng Ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton.
  [ PDF ] [ Book cover ]
• Renart A, Song P and Wang X-J (2003)
  Robust spatial working memory through homeostatic synaptic scaling in heterogeneous cortical networks.
  Neuron, 38, 473-485
  [ PDF ]
• Brunel N and Wang X-J (2003)
  What determines the frequency of fast network oscillations with irregular neural discharges? I. Synaptic dynamics and excitation-inhibition balance.
  J. Neurophysiol., 90, 415-430
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J, Liu Y, Sanchez-Vives MV and McCormick DA (2003)
  Adaptation and temporal decorrelation by single neurons in the primary visual cortex.
  J. Neurophysiol., 89, 3279-3293
  [ PDF ]
• Compte A, Sanchez-Vives MV, McCormick DA and Wang X-J (2003)
  Cellular and network mechanisms of slow oscillatory activity (< 1 Hz) in a cortical network model.
  J. Neurophysiol., 89, 2707-2725
  [ PDF ]
• Miller P, Brody CD, Romo R and Wang X-J (2003)
  A recurrent network model of somatosensory parametric working memory in the prefrontal cortex.
  Cerebral Cortex, 13, 1208-1218
  [ PDF ] [ Erratum ]

2002

• Wang X-J (2002)
  Probabilistic decision making by slow reverberation in cortical circuits.
  Neuron, 36, 955-968
  [ PDF ]
• Kepecs A, Wang X-J and Lisman J (2002)
  Slope detection by bursts: a dendritic computation.
  J. Neurosci., 22, 9053-9062
  [ PDF ]
• Tegner J, Compte A and Wang X-J (2002)
  The dynamical stability of reverberatory neural circuits.
  Biol. Cybern., 87, 471-481
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J (2002)
  Pacemaker neurons for the theta rhythm and their synchronization in the septohippocampal reciprocal loop.
  J. Neurophysiol., 87, 889-900.
  [ PDF ]

2001

• Wang X-J (2001a)
  Synaptic reverberation underlying mnemonic persistent activity.
  Trends in Neurosci. 24, 455-463
  [ PDF ]
• Brunel N and Wang X-J (2001)
  Effects of neuromodulation in a cortical network model of object working memory dominated by recurrent inhibition.
  J. Comput. Neurosci. 11, 63-85.
  [ PDF ] [ PS ]
• Liu YH and Wang X-J (2001)
  Spike-frequency adaptation of a generalized integrate-and fire model neuron.
  J. Comput. Neurosci., 10, 25-45
  [ PDF ] [ PS ]

2000

• Kepecs A and Wang X-J (2000)
  Analysis of complex bursting in cortical pyramidal neuron models.
  Neurocomputing. 32-33, 181-187.
  [ PDF ]
• Compte A, Brunel N, Goldman-Rakic PS and Wang X-J (2000)
  Synaptic mechanisms and network dynamics underlying visuospatial working memory in a cortical network model.
  Cerebral Cortex 10 910-923
  [ PDF ]
• Hempel CM, Hartman KH, Wang X-J, Turrigiano GG and Nelson SB (2000)
  Multiple forms of short-term plasticity at excitatory synapses in rat medial prefrontal cortex.
  J. Neurophysiol. 83 3031-3041.
  [ PDF ]
• Matveev V and Wang X-J (2000a)
  Implications of all-or-none synaptic transmission and short-term depression beyond vesicle depletion: a computational study.
  J. Neurosci. 20 1575-1588.
  [ PDF ]
• Matveev V and Wang X-J (2000b)
  Differential short-term synaptic plasticity and transmission of complex spike trains: to depress or to facilitate?
  Cerebral Cortex 10, 1143-1153
  [ PDF ]

1999

• Wang X-J (1999a)
  Fast burst firing and short-term synaptic plasticity: a model of neocortical chattering neurons.
  Neuroscience 89:347-362.
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J (1999b)
  Synaptic basis of cortical persistent activity: the importance of NMDA receptors to working memory.
  J. Neurosci. 19, 9587-9603.
  [ PDF ]

1998

• Chen Z, Ermentrout GB and Wang X-J (1998)
  Wave propagation mediated by GABAB synapse and rebound excitation in an inhibitory network: a reduced model approach.
  J. Comput. Neurosci. 5, 53-69.
  [ PDF ]
• Rinzel J, Terman D, Wang X-J and Ermentrout GB (1998)
  Propagating activity patterns in large-scale inhibitory neuronal networks.
  Science 279, 1351-1355.
  [ PDF ]
• Kamondi A., Acsady L., Wang X-J, Buzsaki G (1998)
  Theta oscillations in somata and dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal cells in vivo: activity-dependent phase-precession of action potentials.
  Hippocampus 8:244-261.
  [ PDF ]
• Lisman JE, Fellous J-M, Wang X-J (1998)
  A role for NMDA-receptor channels in working memory.
  Nature Neurosci. 1:273-275.
  [ PDF ]
• Camperi M, Wang X-J (1998)
  A model of visuospatial working memory in prefrontal cortex: recurrent network and cellular bistability.
  J. Comput. Neurosci. 5:383-405.
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J (1998)
  Calcium coding and adaptive temporal computation in cortical pyramidal neurons.
  J. Neurophysiol. 79:1549-1566.
  [ PDF ]

1997

• Camperi M and Wang X-J (1997)
  Modeling delay-period activity in the prefrontal cortex during working memory tasks.
  In Computational Neuroscience: Trends in Research J. Bower ed., Plenum Press, pp. 273-279.
  [ PDF ]

1996

• Golomb D, Wang X-J, Rinzel J (1996)
  Propagation of spindle waves in a thalamic slice model.
  J. Neurophysiol. 75:750-769
  [ PDF ]
• Wang, X-J and Buzsáki G (1996)
  Gamma oscillations by synaptic inhibition in a hippocampal interneuronal network.
  J. Neurosci. 16, 6402-6413.
  [ PDF ]

1995

• Golomb D, Wang X-J, and Rinzel J (1995)
  Partial and full synchrony of thalamic spindle oscillations
  In Computation in Neurons and Neural Systems, edited by J. Bower. Boston, MA: Kluwer, 1995, p. 215-220.
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J and Rinzel J (1995)
  Oscillatory and bursting properties of neurons.
  In Handbook of Brain Theory and Neural Networks, edited by M. Arbib, MIT press, 686-691.
  [ PDF ]
• Wang, X-J, Golomb, D. and Rinzel, J. (1995)
  Emergent spindle oscillations and intermittent burst firing in a thalamic model: specific neuronal mechanisms.
  Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 5577-5581.
  [ PDF ]

1994

• Llinás RR, Ribary U, Joliot M and Wang X-J (1994)
  Content and context in temporal thalamocortical binding.
  In Temporal Coding in the Brain, G. Buzsáki, R.R. Llinás, W. Singer et al. eds., Springer-Verlag, 251-272.
  [ PDF ]
• Golomb D, Wang X-J and Rinzel J (1994)
  Synchronization properties of spindle oscillations in a thalamic reticular nucleus model.
  J. Neurophysiol. 72, 1109-1126.
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J (1994)
  Multiple dynamical modes of thalamic relay neurons: rhythmic bursting and intermittent phase-locking.
  Neuroscience 59, 21-31.
  [ PDF ]

1993

• Wang X-J and Rinzel J (1993)
  Spindle rhythmicity in the reticularis thalami nucleus: synchronization among mutually inhibitory neurons.
  Neuroscience 53, 899-904.
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J (1993)
  Genesis of bursting oscillations in the Hindmarsh-Rose model and homoclinicity to a chaotic saddle.
  Physica D, Special Issue on Homoclinic Chaos 62, 263-274.
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J (1993)
  Ionic basis for intrinsic 40 Hz neuronal oscillations.
  NeuroReport 5, 221-224.
  [ PDF ]

1992

• Wang X-J and Rinzel J (1992)
  Alternating and synchronous rhythms in reciprocally inhibitory model neurons.
  Neural Computat. 4, 84-97.
  [ PDF ]

1991

• Wang X-J (1991)
  Spontaneous activity in a large neural net: between chaos and noise.
  In Self-Organization, Emergent Properties and Learning, edited by A. Babloyantz, Plenum Press , 155-160.
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J, Rinzel J and Rogawski MA. (1991)
  Low threshold spikes and rhythmic oscillations in thalamic neurons.
  In Analysis and Modeling of Neural Systems, edited by F. H. Eeckman et al, 85-91.
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J, Rinzel J and Rogawski MA. (1991)
  A model of the T-type calcium current and the low-threshold spike in thalamic neurons.
  J. Neurophysiol 66, 839-850.
  [ PDF ]

Publications in physics

• Wang X-J (1995)
  Sporadic chaos in spacetime dynamical processes.
  Phys. Rev. E 52, 1318-1324.
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J and Hu C-K (1993)
  Anomalous diffusion in dynamical systems: transport coefficients of all order.
  Phys. Rev. E 48, 728-733.
• Gaspard P and Wang X-J (1993)
  Noise, chaos, and (tau,epsilon)-entropy per unit time.
  Phys. Rep. 235, issue 6, 321-373.
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J and Gaspard P (1992)
  Epsilon-entropy analysis for a time series of thermal turbulence.
  Phys. Rev. A Rapid Communications 46, R3000-3003.
• Wang X-J (1992)
  Dynamical sporadicity and anomalous diffusion the Levy motion.
  Phys. Rev. A 45, 8407-8417.
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J and Gaspard P(1990)
  Homoclinicity and multi-modal periodic or chaotic oscillations in chemical kinetics.
  In Spatial Inhomogeneity and Transient Behaviours in Chemical Kinetics, edited by P. Gray et al, Manchester University Press, 687-690.
• Wang X-J (1990)
  Intermittent fluctuations and complexity.
  In Complexity, Entropy, and the Physics of Information, SFI Studies in the Sciences of Complexity, vol. VIII, edited by W. H. Zurek, Addison-Wesley (1990), p. 319-329.
• Wang X-J (1990)
  The Newhouse set has a positive Hausdorff dimension.
  Commun. Math. Phys. 131, 317-332.
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J (1989)
  Statistical physics of temporal intermittency.
  Phys. Rev. A 40, 6647-6661.
• Wang X-J (1989)
  Abnormal fluctuations and thermodynamic phase transition in dynamical systems.
  Phys. Rev. A Rapid Communications 39, 3214-3217.
• Wang X-J (1989)
  Chaotic oscillations of cool flames.
  Combustion and Flame 75, 107-109.
• Gaspard P and Wang X-J (1988)
  Sporadicity: between periodic and chaotic dynamical systems.
  Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 85, 4591-4595
  [ PDF ]
• Gaspard P and Wang X-J (1987)
  Homoclinic orbits and mixed-mode oscillations in far from equilibrium systems.
  J. Stat. Phys. 48, 151-199.
• Wang X-J and Nicolis G (1987)
  Bifurcation phenomena in coupled chemical oscillators: normal form analysis and numerical simulations.
  Physica D 26, 140-155.
• Wang X-J and Mou CY (1985)
  A thermokinetic model of complex oscillations in gaseous hydrocarbon oxidation.
  J. Chem. Phys. 83, 4554-4561.
  [ PDF ]
• Wang X-J (1985)
  Chaotic phenomena in dissipative systems.
  Physics (Beijing) 14, 199-205 (in Chinese).
  [ PDF ]